Machine for dovetailing and relishing sash



UNITED STATES PATENT Orrin-E..

GEORGE L. KING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR DOVETAILING AND RELISHING SASH.

Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 37,968, dated March 24, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. KiNG, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Machine for Dovetailing and Relishing Sash; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is :a perspective view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section at the red line a b ot Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a face view of the saw-shaft F and the parts in connection therewith detached from the machine. Fig. 4. is an end view of the supporting-plate J. Fig. 5 is a face view of the transom-plate H. Fig. 6 is an edge view of the stme. Fig. 7 is an end view of the same. Fig. 8 is a face view of the sliding plate I. Fig, 9 is an end view of the same. Fig. 10 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 11 is a face view of the saw-shaft D and the parts connected therewith detached from the machine. Fig. 12 is an end view of the supportingplate M. Fig. 13 is a face view of the horizontally-sliding plate L Fig. 14 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 15 is an end view of the same. Fig. 16 is a cross-section of the sliding table N at the red line c d of Fig. 1. Fig. 17 is a perspective view ot' the gage g. Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the gage s.

Like letters in all the figures represent the same parts of the machine.

The nature of my invention consists in a machine for dovetailing and relishing sash at one operation by means of circular saws arranged and operating substantially as follows A is the standing frame of the machine.

B and C are saws on the vertical shaft D, the former of which cuts the lower side of the female dovetail on the stiles and thelatter the relish.` The saw E on the shaft F cuts the upper side ofthe said dovetail, the said shaft being placed in such an inclined position as to give the required inclination upward to form the bevel side of the dovetails, and the saw is so arranged as to cutout all the superiluous wood left by the saw B, so as to form a clean and perfect dovetail.

The shaft F, on which the saw E is situated, runs in the frame G. It has a groove, a, which [tits on the tongue I) of the; transom,

plate H. The said plate has a circular recess, c, which fits on a corresponding projection, d, of the `plate I. The latter plate is adjusable horizontally on the supporting-plate J, there being a wide groove or depression, c', in the plate I, which tits on a corresponding projection or tongue on the plate J. The whole are secured together by lneans of the screw-bolt e, as seen in Fig. 2. The large surface of the transom-plate H, when drawn to its seat on the plate I, prevents its shiftin g from its position without much strain on the bolt e. It will be seen that the saw-shaft F has a perpendicular, a lateral, and an inclined adjustment, the first by the frame G sliding on the transom-plate H to any required altitude, being operated and adjusted by the screw f in the lug g of said plate, the second by means of the sliding plate I, which 1s adjusted by the screw h, as seen in Fig. 3, and the third by means of the transom-plate H, which is turned to the required angle after loosening the nut on the screw e. The vertical shaftD, on which the saws B and C are situated, runs in the frame K. The said frame has a vertical groove, 1`., which tits onlthe tongue i of the plate L. rIhe said plate is connected with the supporting-plate M, there being a wide horizontal groove or depression, j, in the former, which lits on a corresponding tongue or projection on the latter. The frame K and the supporting-plate M are held firmly in connection by means of the screw-bolt e. The frame K, which supports the saw-shaft D, as described, has a vertical adjustment by means of the screw-bolt k, which works in the lugl of the plate L. The said frame has also` a lateral adjustment by means of the screwbolt m, which works in the lug n on the plate L. The saws B and U are arranged their proper distance apart byieans of washers, as represented in the drawings.

N is a sliding` table on which the stuft' is placed to be worked. It slides on the ways o 0, as seen in Fig.. 1, there being corresponding grooves, p p,in theunderside of the table. On the said table `there is aV strip or guard, O, against which the stiles are placed to `have the female dovetail cut in them, there being an adjustable gage, q,tor regulating thelength of the dovetails. The said gage has a shank, q', which iits in the rear end of the guardstrip O,and which is fastened by means of the set-screw r, which passes through the slot q, there being a nut on the screw which bears against the under side of the shank.

The guard-strip P is used in cutting the male dovetails on the meeting-rails. It has a gage, s, whose shank s is fastened on the rear side of the strip by means of set-screws, which pass through the slot s. The. said guardstrip has arms t and t', which receive the stuff to be worked. These arms are hinged to the metal plates u and u on the end of the tab'e N by means of the screw-pins@ fv. which turn in the said plates, making the said arms adjustable to give the meetingrails any desired angle required for the dovetails. The arms lnove freely in the openings yzo w of the table N, as may be clearly seen in Fig. 16. These openings may run clear through the table to prevent their gathering dust, which might in time obstruct the working of the arms t and t. To regulate the position ofthe, guard-strip P, and,consequently, that of the arms tand t', there are adjustable screw-stops m x in the concentric slot a of the plate u, against which the lo'wer end of the arm y on the outer end of the guard P alternately restsduring the operation of cutting the angle side of the dovetails; and for cutting the square side of the -dovetails the said arm is brought to rest in the depression z of the spring Z. The said spring has a iiange on its upper end, by means of which it is screwed fast to the under side of the table N.

Q is a belt on the drum R, which connects with the pulley S on the saw-shaft D and gives motion to the saws B and C as the drum runs in the direction of the arrow.' Mo tion is given to the saw E on the shaft by means of the belt T, which connects. the pulleys U and V on the shafts D and F.

The operation of the machine is as follows: In cutting the female dovetails the stiles are held on the sliding table N, and against the guard O, the end ofthe stile being held gainst the gage q. The table is then pushed forward until the stile has passed all the saws, the saw B having cut the lower square side of the dovetail, the saw C the relish, and the saw E the upper or bevel side. The table is Athen brought back to receive another stile to be operated upon in the same manner. The saw E is so arranged as to altitude that thek lower side of points of the teeth, nearest the table shall be full 1s low as the upper side of those of the saw B, so that there shall be no superfluous wood left at the bottom of the dovetail, but a clean and perfect dovetail produced. In cutting the mail dovetails on the meeting-rails, the saw C is ordinarily dispensed with. It may be used, however, when a relish is wanted. IThe guard C is also dispensed with, the guard P being used in its place. The saw-shaft F being arranged in a perpendicular position and so adjusted as to bring the saw E to its proper height, and the guide P being square with the table N, the arm Q, resting in the depression Z" of the spring Z, a meeting-rail is laid on the arms t and t and the table is pushed forward until the rail has passed the saw B, which has cut the square side of the dovetail. Then before the raill reaches the saw E the arm y is shifted from its perpendicular position and brought to rest against one of the stops a' x, to bring the rail to its proper angle for the saw E to cut the bevel side of the dovetail. After the rail has passed the saw E, a complete and perfect male dovetail is produced, and the table is brought back to its first position, the guard P in the meantime being brought to its perpendicular position, as before. The rail is then reversed endwise and the table is pushed forward past the saw B to cut the square side of the dovetail, and the arm y is brought to rest against the other stop, fr, and the saw E cuts the bevel side of the dovetail in line with that produced on the first end of the rail. Then the table N is drawn back to receive another rail, to be operated upon in the same manner as described. u

Although the machineis especially adaptedA to dovetailing sash, I contemplatensing it for dovetailing cabinet-work, and for other purposes.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of the machine for dovetailing and relishin g sash, as invented or improved by me, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Pat-ent, is-

' l. Cutting a perfect female dovetail and relish with saws at one operation substan-v tially in the manner described.

2. Cutting a perfect male dovetail with saws at one operation substantially as srt forth.

3. Arranging the frame G, which supports the saw-shaft F, to turn on a center, so as to bring the saw at any angle with the stuff to cut the bevel side of the female dovetail, substantially in the manner described.

'4. Combining and arranging the transomplate H with the frame Gr when operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination and arrangement of the reversible guard P and arms t and t with the sliding table N when arranged in the manner described, or in any equivalent manner, to produce the same effect, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that the above is my inven tion I hereunto set my hand and affix my seal this 29th day of November, 1862.

GEORG-E L. KING. [L. s]

TWitnesses:

STEPHEN Us'rioK, GEORGE M. ALsoP. 

